The most recent data on inflation in the euro zone puts the European Central Bank in a very difficult situation in relation to its decisions regarding interest rates. The average 2.6% is well above the objective of maintaining inflation close but below 2%. There are probably many factors explaining this result, among them of course oil prices are important. Now, when we take into account that the ECB has a very clear quantitative objective in terms of inflation, then technically we could assume that the ECB is almost forced to increase interest rates to try to contain these inflationary pressures. However, the overall picture is not as simple.
In the first place, the euro zone average is including a wide variation in terms of individual data. The range goes from 1.6% inflation in the Netherlands to 5.1% inflation in Slovenia. On the upper side, after Slovenia appear Spain and Luxembourg, both with 3.6%, and then Greece and Ireland with 3%. For all of these countries an increase in interest rates may help fighting inflation, although the expected effects in terms of a relative slowdown of the economy may not be desired, in particular in a global context of uncertainty and with weak housing markets that could be threatened by higher interest rates.
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