The most palpable demonstration of this new tendency is the Kyoto Protocol that implied the compromise of a minimum of 55 countries responsible of the 55% of the world emissions, fact that was achieved with the ratification of Russia in September 2004. The objective of the signatories is that in the period 2008-2012, the emissions on the European Union will reduce to a 8% from the figures of 1990 and on the world up to 5,2%. It has been said that the cost of achieving the goals of the Protocol will be of 19 thousand million euros in the next four years and could mean a reduction of the GDP of almost a 1% in the countries that applied it.

Analyzing that such global players as EEUU or China had not retaliated or signed the Protocol the companies will find that we are not playing in a level field in the globalize market of the third millennium. What are the most immediate consequences of having environmental taxes in some countries and not in others? A student of first year of economics would advise that in order to maintain the margin of benefit of a product or a service, maintaining other factors equal, the right decision is to move where those extra costs do not exist, hence delocalization.